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centos7安装k8s集群（2022版）
 2022-02-28 17:44 k8s 暂无评论 阅读(545)

安装docker

yum install docker

sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
docker version

安装k8s集群

3.1 关闭防火墙

 

systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

3.2 关闭selinux

 

setenforce 0  # 临时关闭

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config # 永久关闭

1.3.3 关闭swap

 

swapoff -a    # 临时关闭；关闭swap主要是为了性能考虑

free            # 可以通过这个命令查看swap是否关闭了

sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab  # 永久关闭

3.4 添加主机名与IP对应的关系

 

$ vim <span class="token operator">/</span>etc<span class="token operator">/</span>hosts

添加如下内容：

 

192.168.190.128 k8s-master

192.168.190.129 k8s-node1

192.168.190.130 k8s-node2

3.5 将桥接的IPV4流量传递到iptables 的链

 

$ cat <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>etc<span class="token operator">/</span>sysctl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d<span class="token operator">/</span>k8s<span class="token punctuation">.</span>conf <span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token constant">EOF</span>

net<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bridge<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bridge<span class="token operator">-</span>nf<span class="token operator">-</span>call<span class="token operator">-</span>ip6tables <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span>

net<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bridge<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bridge<span class="token operator">-</span>nf<span class="token operator">-</span>call<span class="token operator">-</span>iptables <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span>

<span class="token constant">EOF</span>

3.6 添加阿里云YUM软件源

 

cat <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>etc<span class="token operator">/</span>yum<span class="token punctuation">.</span>repos<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d<span class="token operator">/</span>kubernetes<span class="token punctuation">.</span>repo <span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token constant">EOF</span>

<span class="token punctuation">[</span>k8s<span class="token punctuation">]</span>

name<span class="token operator">=</span>k8s

enabled<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1</span>

gpgcheck<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span>

baseurl<span class="token operator">=</span>https<span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token operator">/</span>mirrors<span class="token punctuation">.</span>aliyun<span class="token punctuation">.</span>com<span class="token operator">/</span>kubernetes<span class="token operator">/</span>yum<span class="token operator">/</span>repos<span class="token regex">/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/</span>

<span class="token constant">EOF</span>

3.7 安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl

kubelet # 运行在 Cluster 所有节点上，负责启动 Pod 和容器。

kubeadm # 用于初始化 Cluster。

kubectl # 是 Kubernetes 命令行工具。通过 kubectl 可以部署和管理应用，查看各种资源，创建、删除和更新各种组件。

在部署kubernetes时，要求master node和worker node上的版本保持一致，否则会出现版本不匹配导致奇怪的问题出现。本文将介绍如何在CentOS系统上，使用yum安装指定版本的Kubernetes。

我们需要安装指定版本的kubernetes。那么如何做呢？在进行yum安装时，可以使用下列的格式来进行安装：

yum install kubelet-1.19.6 kubeadm-1.19.6 kubectl-1.19.6 -y

设置自启动kubelet

此时，还不能启动kubelet，因为此时配置还不能，现在仅仅可以设置开机自启动

 

systemctl enable kubelet

3.9 部署Kubernetes Master

3.9.1 初始化kubeadm

 

kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.3.129 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.19.6 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

 

# –image<span class="token operator">-</span>repository <span class="token builtin">string</span>：    这个用于指定从什么位置来拉取镜像（<span class="token number">1.13</span>版本才有的），默认值是k8s<span class="token punctuation">.</span>gcr<span class="token punctuation">.</span>io，我们将其指定为国内镜像地址：registry<span class="token punctuation">.</span>aliyuncs<span class="token punctuation">.</span>com<span class="token operator">/</span>google_containers

# –kubernetes<span class="token operator">-</span>version <span class="token builtin">string</span>：  指定kubenets版本号，默认值是stable<span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1</span>，会导致从https<span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token operator">/</span>dl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>k8s<span class="token punctuation">.</span>io<span class="token operator">/</span>release<span class="token operator">/</span>stable<span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1.</span>txt下载最新的版本号，我们可以将其指定为固定版本（v1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token number">15.1</span>）来跳过网络请求。

# –apiserver<span class="token operator">-</span>advertise<span class="token operator">-</span>address  指明用 Master 的哪个 <span class="token keyword">interface</span> 与 Cluster 的其他节点通信。如果 Master 有多个 <span class="token keyword">interface</span>，建议明确指定，如果不指定，kubeadm 会自动选择有默认网关的 <span class="token keyword">interface</span>。

# –pod<span class="token operator">-</span>network<span class="token operator">-</span>cidr            指定 Pod 网络的范围。Kubernetes 支持多种网络方案，而且不同网络方案对  –pod<span class="token operator">-</span>network<span class="token operator">-</span>cidr有自己的要求，这里设置为<span class="token number">10.244</span><span class="token number">.0</span><span class="token number">.0</span><span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">16</span> 是因为我们将使用 flannel 网络方案，必须设置成这个 CIDR。

 

输出：

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.3.129:6443 --token afx2d4.ybpz8dsmq7jh1ic6 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:86ef6e3fbe924f95873a4928858a4cac637566bab2d4996ec8b0a8a143c546ba

使用kubectl工具

复制如下命令直接执行（master）

mkdir <span class="token operator">-</span>p <span class="token variable">$HOME</span><span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>kube

sudo cp <span class="token operator">-</span>i <span class="token operator">/</span>etc<span class="token operator">/</span>kubernetes<span class="token regex">/admin.conf $HOME/</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>kube<span class="token operator">/</span>config

sudo chown $<span class="token punctuation">(</span>id <span class="token operator">-</span>u<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>$<span class="token punctuation">(</span>id <span class="token operator">-</span>g<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token variable">$HOME</span><span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>kube<span class="token operator">/</span>config

下面就可以直接使用kubectl命令了（master）

3.9.3 安装Pod网络插件（CNI）(master)

kubectl apply <span class="token operator">-</span>f https<span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token operator">/</span>raw<span class="token punctuation">.</span>githubusercontent<span class="token punctuation">.</span>com<span class="token operator">/</span>coreos<span class="token operator">/</span>flannel<span class="token operator">/</span>master<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token constant">Documentation</span><span class="token operator">/</span>kube<span class="token operator">-</span>flannel<span class="token punctuation">.</span>yml

或者：

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

安装

Kubernetes-Dashboard

先下载配置文件（kubernetes/dashboard: General-purpose web UI for Kubernetes clusters (github.com)）

wget  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.5.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

修改配置文件：

我们需要通过NodePort模式来从浏览器访问到dashboard，所以需要对yaml文件网络配置进行修改(端口必须大于30000)

我这里改的端口是30000

修改后，重新应用：

最后登陆（记得用Https）

https://192.168.3.129:30000/#/login

 

通过上图可以知道，登录到dashboard有两种方式，一种是配置kubeconfig，另一种是使用token令牌，在这里我们创建一个admin用户并生成其token令牌进行登录

下面是创建admin用户的yml文件内容（在这里把文件命名为kube-user.yml）

  1. kind: ClusterRoleBinding
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
    metadata:
    name: admin
    annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
    roleRef:
    kind: ClusterRole
    name: cluster-admin
    apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    subjects:
    - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: admin
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
    ---
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: ServiceAccount
    metadata:
    name: admin
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
    labels:
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"

应用：

  1. kubectl apply -f kube-user.yml

查询admin用户的token，先查询token列表找到admin用户的token名称：

  1. kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard

获取密钥：

kubectl describe secret admin-token-xvn2c -n kubernetes-dashboard
返回：

Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt: 1066 bytes
namespace: 20 bytes
token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IlhRMGJYNXJsUTZYaVNocTAtOHZwaXliUl9YZlRzUUtxZHFhdEM4blhTaFkifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLWRhc2hib2FyZCIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi10b2tlbi14dm4yYyIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6IjM3NjdjY2FkLTA0NGMtNDQ4Ny1hYmU2LWQzODgwYTZkMjM5MyIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDprdWJlcm5ldGVzLWRhc2hib2FyZDphZG1pbiJ9.nQeGvT3gjrKf9nHiRwqz59kP6s-s4AbZP2J9qMF2A5kyi12YcTY88CwPs397kuUi_0ftxkqAR7-2yZ4YSyu-RoLVcxxR14cg3iBtfFZyQa6nk3AXpv1YjuiQqpu2BYk5o8luTonv5JCTml0-_SQ03Gl6pKbsx5NyQHLNYFsOoUkk20PqA3_dLY3szurgOSSe5zrikqqOh3RD3KZ13Gxg--afgDj00-l7z1EJwAF7HBdKqCtWpNid9Vg_t97vzQyvHTEqA3Yr-kXjDwo_mKGypqZ7NoQWGQiLvzj0xCv2maX5hcdsMNZsUdxtw2T3XTIRWFaXpnVtzwc0nHTN-onMzA

 

 

安装节点：

关于系统的设备请参考master设置。

安装节点：

yum install kubelet-1.19.6 kubeadm-1.19.6 kubectl-1.19.6 -y

 

先在主节点点获取master的token:

#查看token 在master上

kubeadm token list

#如果token过期，更新token 在master上

kubeadm token create

获取toke如下：

7xdtqs.0aaw886svdoxejjx

获取hash:

openssl x509 -pubkey -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt | openssl rsa -pubin -outform der 2>/dev/null | openssl dgst -sha256 -hex | sed 's/^.* //'

如下：

86ef6e3fbe924f95873a4928858a4cac637566bab2d4996ec8b0a8a143c546ba

 

加入子节点

kubeadm join {主节点IP}:6443 --token {token} --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash {hash}

即：

kubeadm join 192.168.3.129:6443 --token 7xdtqs.0aaw886svdoxejjx --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:86ef6e3fbe924f95873a4928858a4cac637566bab2d4996ec8b0a8a143c546ba

 

最后在主机上，kubectl get nodes查看节点状态：

 

成功！

 

创建Node2，复制虚拟机。登陆后，执行kubeadm reset，重置。再使用kubeadm join加入master。

============ 欢迎各位老板打赏~ ===========

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该日志由 Bruce 于2022年02月28日发表在k8s分类下

本文版权归Bruce's Blog所有，转载引用请完整注明以下信息：
本文作者：Bruce
本文地址：centos7安装k8s集群（2022版） | Bruce's Blog

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